Workbook Unit 3 - Two Stories About Flying

Let’s Begin:

You have read two stories about flying. ‘His First Flight’ is about how a young bird learns to fly and ‘Jilack Aeroplane’ is a mystery.

1. Read the story, ‘His First Flight’ again. Working in groups of four, answer the following questions selecting the correct option.

1. The young seagull was afraid of flying because ___________.

(a) he felt his wings would not support him ✔

(b) other bird knew to fly very well

(d) his mother and father threatened him

2. Why did his family taunt him about his cowardice?

(a) He went with his sisters and brothers.

(b) He was not listening to them.

(d) He was not liked by them at all.

3. How did the young seagull start flying?

(a) His mother showed him the fish and moved away from him to make him fly. ✔

(b) His brothers and sisters trained him to fly.

(d) He did not learn to fly at all.

4. Which of the following statements is not true of the young seagull?

(а) He was lazy and did not want to fly. ✔

(b) He wanted to fly, but was afraid of flying.

(d) His hunger made him fly.

5. Say whether the following statements about the seagull are true or false.

(а) The young seagull liked to fly with his brothers and sisters. ( True )

(b) The young seagull was hungry so he started to fly. ( True)

(d) He flew on his own to get the food. ( True )

2. You have another story, ‘The Black Aeroplane’ in the lesson. Read the story again and develop at least five multiple choice questions based on the story. Work in pairs and ask your partner to answer them. The questions may be based on the events, persons, reasons and causes of the events, and results in the story.

1. The author was flying his old Dakota aeroplane from ___________.

(a) France back to England ✔

(b) England back to France

(d) France back to India

2. The author knew that he could not fly up and over the storm clouds because ___________.

(a) he had started feeling dizzy

(b) he didn’t have enough time on his hands

(d) he was warned not to do so

3. How far behind was Paris when the author saw the storm clouds?

(a) 120 kilometers

(b) 180 kilometers

(d) 150 kilometers ✔

4. The pilot of the Black Aeroplane turned slowly to the north in front of Dakota aeroplane ___________.

(a) so that it would be easier for the author to follow him ✔

(b) so that it would be easier for the author to clearly see the storm clouds

(d) so that he could move past the author

5. The woman at the control room was ___________ to hear the author’s questions.

(a) angry

(b) disappointed

(d) scared

Reading Comprehension:

Text – I

Let’s now read the story of a bus conductor and his passengers with a dog. The story is written by A. G Gardiner.

All about a Dog:

It was a bitterly cold night, and even at the far end of the bus the east wind that raved along the street cut like a knife. The bus stopped and two women and a man got in together and filled the vacant places. The young woman was dressed in sealskin, and carried one of those little Pekinese dogs that women in sealskin like to carry in their laps. The conductor came in and took the fares. Then his eyes rested with old malice on the beady eyed toy dog. I saw trouble brewing. This was the opportunity for which he had been waiting and he intended to make the most of it. I had marked him as the type of what Mr. Wells has called the Resentful Employee, the man with a great vague grievance against everything and a particular grievance against passengers who came and sat in his seat while he shivered at the door.

“you must take that dog out,” he said with sour venom.

“I shall certainly do nothing of the kind. You can take my name and address,” said the woman, who had evidently expected the challenge and knew the reply.

“You must take the dog out- that’s my orders.”

“I won’t go on the top in such weather. It would kill me,” said the woman.

“Certainly not,” said her lady companion, “You’ve got a cough as it is.”

“It’s nonsense,” said her male companion.

The conductor pulled the bell and the bus stopped. “This bus doesn’t go until that dog is brought out.” And he stepped on to the pavement and waited. It was his moment of triumph. He had the law on his side and the whole bus full of angry people under the harrow. His embittered soul was having a real holiday.

The storm inside rose high “Shameful!” “He’s no better than a German.” “Why isn’t he in the army ?” “Call the police. Let’s all report him.” “Let’s make him give us our fares back.” Everybody was on the side of the lady and the dog.

That little animal sat blinking at the dim lights in happy unconsciousness of the rumpus of which he was the cause. The conductor came to the door, “What’s your number ?” said one, taking out a pocket- book with a gesture of terrible things. “There’s my number,” said the conductor imperturbably. “Give us bur fares back.” “You can’t leave us here all night.” “No fares back,” said the conductor.

Two or three passengers got out and disappeared into the night. The conductor took another turn on the pavement, then went and had a talk with the driver. Another bus, the last on the road, sailed by indifferent to the shouts of the passengers to stop, ‘They stick by each other the villains,” was the comment.

Someone pulled the bell violently. That brought the driver round to the door, “Who’s conductor of this bus ?” he said and paused for reply. “None coming,” he returned to his seat, and resumed beating his arms across his chest. There was no hope in that quarter. A policeman strolled up and looked in at the door. An avalanche of indignant protests and appeals burst on him. “Well, he’s got his rules, you know,” he said. “Give your name and address.” “That’s what he’s been offered, and he won’t take it.” “Oh,” said the policeman, and he went away and took his stand a few yards down the street, where he was joined by two more constables.

And still the little dog blinked at the lights, and the conductor walked to and fro on the pavement, like a captain on the quarterdeck in the hour of victory. A young woman, whose voice had risen high above the gale inside, descended on him with an air of threatening and slaughter. He was immovable as cold as the night, and as hard as the pavement. She passed on in a fury of impotence to the three policemen, who stood like a group of statuary on the street watching the drama. Then she came back, imperiously beckoned to her ‘young man’ who had sat a silent witness of her rage, and vanished. Others followed. The bus was emptying. Even the dashing young fellow who had demanded the number and who had declared he would see this thing through if he sat there all night, had taken an opportunity to slip away.

Meanwhile the Pekinese party was passing through every stage as of resistance to abject surrender. “I’ll go on the top.” said the sealskin lady at last. “You mustn’t.” “I will.” “You’ll have pneumonia.”

“Let me take it.” (This from the man) “Certainly not.” She would die with her dog. When she had disappeared up the stairs, the conductor came back, pulled the bell, and the bus went on. He stood sourly triumphant while his conduct was savagely discussed in his face by the remnant of the party.

Then the engine struck work, and the conductor went to help the driver. It was a long job and presently the lady with the dog stole down the stairs and re-entered the bus. When the engine was put right, the conductor came back and pulled the bell. Then his eyes fell on the dog, and his hand went to the bell-rope again. The driver looked around, the conductor pointed to the dog, the bus stopped, and the struggle recommenced with all the original features – the conductor walking the pavement, the driver smacking his arms on the box, the little dog blinking at the lights, the sealskin lady declaring that she would not go on the top and finally going.

“I’ve got my rules,” said the conductor to me when I was the last passenger left behind. He had won his victory, but felt that he would like to justify himself to somebody. “Rules,” I said,“ are necessary things, but there are rules and rules. Some are hard and fast rules, like the rules of the road, which cannot be broken without danger to life and limb. But some are only rules for guidance, which you can apply or wink at, as common sense dictates, like that rule about the dogs. They are not a whip, put in your hand to scourge your passengers with, but an authority for an emergency. They are meant to be observed in the spirit, not in the letter, for the comfort and not the discomfort of the passengers. You have kept the rule and broken its spirit. You may mix your rules with a little goodwill and good temper.” He took it very well and when I got off the bus he said “Good night” quite amiably.

Now, complete the box narrating the story in the correct sequence.

Vocabulary:

1. Making adverbs: bitterly, imperturbably, violently, and evidently are some words you have come across in the story. These are adverbs. A few words are given below. Make adverbs of these words and use them in sentences of your own. (Take care of the spelling when you convert these into adverbs.)

(a) Angry - Angrily - The agitated husband shouted at his wife angrily.

(b) Vague - Vaguely - He vaguely remembered the memories of his childhood.

(d) Threatening - Threateningly - The police constable moved threateningly towards the robber.

(e) Hurry - Hurriedly - The victim was rushed hurriedly to the emergency ward.

2. Now, look at the word given below in italic.

He was immovable.

‘im’ is the prefix added to the word ‘movable’. The prefix ‘im’ made ‘immovable’ an antonym of ‘movable’. Now, make more words with the prefix im- which are antonyms.

Answer:

Prefix Word Antonym

1. im mobile immobile

2. im patient impatient

3. im polite impolite

4. im mature immature

5. im measurable immeasurable

6. im modest immodest

7. im moral immoral

8. im mortal immortal

3. In groups of five, create a word-web or collocation chart of words with prefixes ‘il’ and ‘in’.

Prefix Word New word

il logical illogical

il literate illiterate

il legal illegal

il legible illegible

il legitimate illegitimate

il limitability illimitability

Example 2:

in secure insecure

in sincere insincere

in sensitive insensitive

in adequate inadequate

in accurate inaccurate

in ability inability

in accessible inaccessible

Grammar:

A. Phrasal verbs:

The sentence below is taken from the text you have read. The phrase in italic is a phrasal verb. A phrasal verb is a combination of words (a verb + a preposition, for example check in or a verb + an adverb, for example break down). When they are used together, they usually take on a different meaning to that of the original verb.

… Walk away from the old Dakota.

walk away is a phrasal verb which means to move away from.

Find out the meaning of the following phrasal verbs and use them appropriately in sentences.

Phrasal verbs	Word-meaning	Sentence
(a) walk in	to enter inside a place	Two burglars walked in the bar armed with big guns.
(b) walkout	to suddenly leave a person who needs you	Her husband had walked out on her a year before.
(c) take away	to remove something	The protestors were arrested and taken away by the police.
(d) take up	to start doing something regularly as a habit, job or interest	Shamita took up a job as a receptionist at a medical store.
(e) take in	to understand and remember something that you hear or read	With the expressions on her face, I could make out that she didn’t take in much of what I said to her.
(f) take out	to kill somebody or destroy something	The night bombing raid took out the bridge.
(g) give away	to tell information or facts that should be kept secret	Raian broke his friend’s trust by giving away information of his marital disharmony.
(h) give in	to stop competing or arguing and accepting that you cannot win	Maria Sharapova refused to give in and went on to win the set.
(i) give up	to stop doing something you are trying hard to do	We have given up trying to persuade Ram to get rid of his bad habits.
(j) put in	to spend a particular amount of time doing something, or make a particular amount of efforts doing something	The winning team put in a lot of efforts to clinch the title.
(k) put away	to save an amount of money	With her meagre income, she tried hard to put away for her future needs.
(l) put out	to make something stop burning/extinguish	It took the fire fighters approximately 3 hours to put out the huge fire.

B. The Passive:

Compare the two sentences given below:

Ramesh painted the walls.

The walls were painted by Ramesh.

The first sentence is in active form and the second sentence is in passive form. When the person doing the action (Ramesh) is the subject, we use the verb in the active voice. When the subject is what the action is directed at (the walls), we use the verb in the passive voice. In the first sentence, we talked about Ramesh but in the second sentence we talked about what happened to the walls.

In the passive sentence we use by+agent to add important information, that is by Ramesh. We can leave out by+agent if it does not provide any specific information.

Example:

All the students were given sweets yesterday.

My room is cleaned everyday in the morning.

A large number of films on wildlife conservation have been made.

Use the words given below and frame sentences using the passive forms of the verbs.

Examples:

→ Rice / cultivate / Gangetic valley and coastal region. (Simple Present)

Rice is cultivated in Gangetic valley and coastal region.

→ The documents / sign / principal. (Present Perfect)

The documents have been signed by the principal.

(a) Taj Mahal / build / Shah Jahan. (Simple Past)

Taj Mahal was built by Shah Jahan

(b) Malaria virus / transmit / female Anopheles mosquito. (Simple Present)

Malaria virus is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquito.

(c) The case / solve / police and two persons arrest. (Present Perfect)

The case has been solved and two persons have been arrested.

(d) Many houses / and lives / destroy / the volcanic eruption in Mt. Etna. (Simple Past)

Many houses and lives were destroyed by the volcanic eruption in Mt. Etna.

(e) The ultraviolet rays / prevent / the ozone layer / entering the earth’s surface. (Simple Present)

The ultraviolet rays are prevented by the ozone layer from entering the earth’s surface.

(f) The field / convert / playground. (Present Perfect)

The field has been converted into a playground.

C. Unscramble the following sentences to make meaningful ones:

(а) records / flying / many / who / American aviator / was an / Amelia Earhart / set

Amelia Earhart who was an American aviator set many flying records.

(b) the first / across / woman / solo / to fly / the Atlantic Ocean / she / became

She became the first woman to fly the Atlantic Ocean solo.

(c) a flight / July 1937 / the globe / Earhart / disappeared / to circumnavigate / somewhere / over the / Pacific / in /during

In July 1937 during a flight to circumnavigate the globe, Earhart disppeared somewhere over the pacific.

(d) was never / found / and / she was / officially declared / plane wreckage / lost / at sea / her

Her plane wreckage was never found and she was officially declared lost an sea.

(e) century / her / disappearance / remains / of the / one of the / greatest / unsolved mysteries / twentieth

Her disappearance remains one of the greatest unsolved maysteries of the twentieth century.

Editing:

1. Use capital letters, commas, and full stops to edit this paragraph.

In some parts of our country, there are frequent reports about Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) which people claimed to have seen flying in the sky and which are believed to be space ships carrying aliens from other planets some people have given evidences to support their observations they said that they have found mysterious objects in paddy fields. Some others, after seeing a film on space said t: a they had seen unusual objects flying in the sky. Public panicked there were arguments and discussion. ail over the country. Police were on red aler. Many community centres were established people became more vigilant gradually the number of sightings reduced.

Answer:

In some parts of our country, there are frequent reports about Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs), which people claimed to have seen flying in the sky and which are believed to be space ships carrying aliens from other planets. Some people have given evidences to support their observations. They said that they have found mysterious objects in paddy fields. Some others, after seeing a film on space, said that they had seen unusual objects flying in the sky. Public panicked. There were arguments and discussions all over the country. Police were on red alert. Many community centres were established. People became more vigilant. Gradually the number of sightings reduced.

Listening:

1. Do you like riddles? Riddles make us think and attempt to solve puzzles through various ways and means. Read this riddle out loud and find answers to it. You can also discuss with your friends. You will notice that we speak out what we think. This is known as Think-aloud protocol. As you solve the riddles, speak out all the ideas that come to your mind to solve it.

Riddle 1

A farmer returns from the market, where he bought a goat, a cabbage and a wolf (what a crazy market). On the way home he must cross a river. His boat is small and won’t fit more than one of his purchases. He cannot leave the goat alone with the cabbage (because the goat would eat it), nor he can leave the goat alone with the wolf (because the goat would be eaten).

How can the farmer get everything on the other side in this river crossing puzzle?

First the farmer will take the goat with him in the boat and drop him on the other side of the river. Then he will row back to the other side. Next he will take the cabbage with him to the other side. He will drop the cabbage there and bring back the goat with him. On reaching the other side with the goat he will drop the goat there and take wolf with him to be dropped to the other side of the river. He’ will leave the cabbage with the Tiger and then start his reverse journey. Finally on reaching the destination he will pick the goat and take it with him to the other side.

Riddle 2

Three humans, one big monkey, and two small monkeys are to cross a river:

(a) Only humans and the big monkey can row the boat.

(b) At all times, the number of humans on either side of the river must be greater or equal to the number of monkeys on that side (or else the humans will be killed by the monkeys!).

(d) Monkeys can jump out of the boat when it’s on the river bank.

How will they cross the river ? Help them out.

Answer:

Firstly, one of the human, will row one of the small monkeys to the other side of the river in his boat. Then he will continue on its return journey. On reaching the other side, he will take another small monkey with him and start, his forward journey to the other side. After dropping the small monkey to that side he will start off for his reverse journey to the other side. On reaching the other side, he will pick one human and start off with him on his forward journey to the other side of the river. On reaching the other side, he will drop the man there and row back the small monkey to the other side.

On reaching the other side the man in the boat will pick one more human and start with him on his forward journey to the other side of the river. On reaching that side, the man in the boat will drop him on that side. Then he will start off for his reverse journey to the other side of the river. On reaching the other side, he will pick one small monkey and start off for his forward journey to the other side of the river. After dropping the small monkey that side he will start off for. his reverse journey to the other side. On reaching the other side, he finally picks up the big monkey and they both start off for their forward journey to reach the other side of the river.

Article Writing

1. ‘Rules are meant to be observed in spirit not only in letter’. Explain what you understand by this statement. Write an article in about 120-150 words on how the rules can be effectively implemented in the society and citizens can follow it in the true spirit. You may use any of the ideas given in the box. Follow the stages involved in the process approach to writing.

(a) Use it in the context of gender (protection of women’s rights / dowry/ female infanticide, etc.).

(b) In the context of environment (cutting of trees / poaching / pollution).

(c) Smoking in public / following traffic rules, etc. (add cartoons with fun facts, for example parking in front of no parking sign).

(d) In the context of value and self discipline.

Rules should be followed not just in the exact way they are written but also according to the intent behind them. Laws are made to help people and protect their interests, aiming for peace and harmony. If they are only followed literally, their purpose can be lost. For example, in the story “All About a Dog,” the conductor's strict enforcement of a rule against dogs on the bus caused unnecessary trouble, even though the dog was well-behaved. While some laws, like those protecting women’s rights, the environment, and traffic rules, must be strictly followed, the spirit of the law is important for ensuring fairness and order.

Story Writing:

2. You have read and experienced how the little seagull learnt to fly and then the story Of the mysterious black aeroplane. You have also read the story, ‘All about a dog*. How were these experiences ? You may have also experienced some such situations in your life: learning to ride on a bicycle, watching a cat or any other animal trying to jump over the wall, your own bitter experience in a difficult situation, etc. Think of such an experience and write down the points and develop the ideas into an outline. Write your experiences like a short story.

All three stories shared a common theme: hard work leads to success. They were encouraging and motivating, showing that determination pays off. On a rainy afternoon, while enjoying nature from my verandah, I observed a beetle struggling to climb a slippery concrete pillar. Despite slipping back several steps for every few it advanced, the beetle persisted. Its relentless effort eventually led it to reach its goal, a hole in the pillar. Watching this tiny creature’s determination was inspiring and positive. It reminded me that valuable lessons can come from unexpected places and that applying such perseverance in our lives can lead to success.

Project:

1. You have learnt about the freedom struggles of many nations after the Second World War and the many leaders who spearheaded freedom movements in their countries. Based on the learning from history and political science, write about any two leaders from different nations.

Mahatma Gandhi from India and Nelson Mandela from South Africa were pivotal in their countries' struggles for freedom. Gandhi led India’s nonviolent movement against British colonial rule, promoting peaceful resistance and civil disobedience. Mandela fought against apartheid in South Africa, enduring 27 years in prison before leading the country toward reconciliation and democratic reforms. Both leaders exemplified courage and commitment, using their principles to inspire global movements for justice and equality.

2. Go around your neighbourhood and talk to people, particularly elders, and collect riddles and puzzles in their languages.

Ask them how and why such riddles could have emerged.
Collect at least 10 – 15 riddles and write them in an order with information.
Find out more about the riddle.
Present it to the class as a chart and oral presentation.

Title: Riddles and Puzzles from Our Neighborhood

1. Riddle 1:

Riddle: "What has keys but can’t open locks?"

Answer: "A piano."

Language: English

Cultural Context: Reflects common household items and their uses.

2. Riddle 2:

Riddle: "What comes once in a minute, twice in a moment, but never in a thousand years?"

Answer: "The letter 'M'."

Language: English

Cultural Context: Plays with the concept of time and letters.

3. Riddle 3:

Riddle: "I speak without a mouth and hear without ears. I have no body, but I come alive with wind. What am I?"

Answer: "An echo."

Language: English

Cultural Context: Demonstrates the natural phenomena familiar to everyone.

4. Riddle 4:

Riddle: "What has to be broken before you can use it?"

Answer: "An egg."

Language: English

Cultural Context: Relates to everyday cooking and food preparation.

5. Riddle 5:

Riddle: "मैं सफेद हूँ और बर्फ से बना हूँ। मैं क्या हूँ?" (I am white and made of snow. What am I?)

Answer: "स्नोमैन (Snowman)."

Language: Hindi

Cultural Context: Related to winter and snow, reflecting seasonal activities.

6. Riddle 6:

Riddle: "सपने में आई चीज़ क्या कभी सच होती है?" (What thing seen in a dream ever becomes true?)

Answer: "आंखों का सपना (The dream of the eyes)."

Language: Hindi

Cultural Context: Explores the concept of dreams and reality.

7. Riddle 7:

Riddle: "What has a neck but no head?"

Answer: "A bottle."

Language: English

Cultural Context: Commonly used item and its features.

8. Riddle 8:

Riddle: "जंगल में सबसे तेज क्या है?" (What is the fastest in the jungle?)

Answer: "गज़ेल (Gazelle)."

Language: Hindi

Cultural Context: Refers to the natural world and animals.

9. Riddle 9:

Riddle: "I have cities, but no houses. I have mountains, but no trees. I have water, but no fish. What am I?"

Answer: "A map."

Language: English

Cultural Context: Relates to geography and cartography.

10. Riddle 10:

Riddle: "What gets wetter as it dries?"

Answer: "A towel."

Language: English

Cultural Context: Everyday item used in daily routines.

11. Riddle 11:

Riddle: "मैं एक ऐसा फल हूँ जिसका नाम वानस्पतिक भाषा में 'आम' है। मैं कौन हूँ?" (I am a fruit whose botanical name is 'Mango'. What am I?)

Answer: "आम (Mango)."

Language: Hindi

Cultural Context: Reflects local fruit and its importance.

12. Riddle 12:

Riddle: "What can travel around the world while staying in a corner?"

Answer: "A stamp."

Language:** English

Cultural Context: Related to postal services and communication.

13. Riddle 13:

Riddle: "What has a bed but does not sleep and a mouth but does not eat?"

Answer: "A river."

Language: English

Cultural Context: Reflects natural landscapes and features.

14. Riddle 14:

Riddle: "मेरे पास एक जीवन है, लेकिन मैं सांस नहीं ले सकता। मैं क्या हूँ?" (I have a life, but I cannot breathe. What am I?)

Answer: "माचिस (Matchstick)."

Language: Hindi

Cultural Context: Everyday objects and their uses.

15. Riddle 15:

Riddle: "What is full of holes but still holds water?"

Answer: "A sponge."

Language: English

Cultural Context: Refers to household cleaning tools.